What check should be done for amblyopia?_industry news_

The senior optometrist of OULE glasses tells you: Amblyopia is generally more likely to occur in children, so parents should pay more attention to the children’s eyesight. If the eyesight is not good, it is best to go to the hospital for examination and check the reason. Find out what checks should be done for amblyopia. 1. Visual inspection and refractive status inspection. Infants and young children can preliminarily judge and predict the refractive power used by the ophthalmoscope when checking the fundus. 2. Mydriatic refraction examination for children with visual acuity lower than 0.8 (4.9) should be dilated refraction examination. Method: 1% atropine solution, three times a day, optometry after three days or 1% atropine ointment, once every night, optometry after one week. Check again after two weeks. For children under 10 years of age with moderate or high hyperopia, reduce the full refractive power by 1/3 (that is, retain part of the hidden hyperopia), but children with esotropia should be completely corrected. For children with amblyopia or strabismus, optometry and glasses treatment It is very important. It should be done once every six months at most 1 year, and new glasses should be replaced with the needs of treatment. 3. Laser interference visual acuity uses laser interference fringes as an indicator. When the contrast of the visual target is the maximum, the visual acuity can be measured only by changing the spatial frequency without changing the contrast. Generally speaking, the IVA value represents the removal of the influence of the refractive system of the eye The visual acuity of the retina directly reflects the functional status between the retina and the visual cortex. The IVA value of amblyopic eyes decreases as the degree of amblyopia worsens, and is closely related to the decrease of EVA value. The IVA value of amblyopic eyes is mostly higher than the EVA value. 4. VEP vision Sokol measured some infant and adult images VEP (patternVEP, PVEP), and found that infants and young children at 6 months have the strongest response to a checkerboard with a viewing angle of 7.5′ or 15′, which is the same as the 20/20 vision of an adult This means that the 20/20 visual function has been established by infants and young children at 6 months of age. The measurement method is to stimulate with a checkerboard, and the squares become smaller in sequence until the VEP with the smallest amplitude can be measured. The highest space at this time Frequency represents the best vision. 5. Triangular prism inspection. A 15△~25△ triangular prism was used to induce eye skew, combined with a cover test to check the type of gaze of the child, and then judge amblyopia and determine the degree of amblyopia. 6. Slit lamp and ophthalmoscope examination. In addition to the use of slit lamp and ophthalmoscope to rule out organic eye diseases in children with amblyopia, black star target ophthalmoscopes can also be used to classify the gaze into 4 types. 7. Eye position check. The corneal reflection method, cover test, prism, Markov rod, synoptograph, etc. can be used to determine whether there is strabismus, conscious squint and other squint angles. 8. Contrast sensitivity function (contrast sensitivity function, CSF) is the measurement of the contrast sensitivity function (contrast sensitivity function, CSF) measurement is the ability of the human eye visual system to recognize sinusoidal grating optotypes of different spatial frequencies under the change of bright contrast, which can be regarded as sensitive from the perspective of time and space. , It can accurately and quantitatively detect the visual function of amblyopia patients. It not only reflects the resolving power of the visual apparatus for small targets, but also reflects the resolving power of large targets. 9. Electrophysiological examination (1) Electroretinogram: With simple light stimulation (F-ERG), there is no significant difference in the electrical response of amblyopic eyes and normal eyes. Sokol reports that the pattern electroretinogram (P-ERG) test is used for amblyopic eyes. Both the b-wave amplitude of ERG and the amplitude of posterior potential are reduced. Domestic Yin Zhengqin et al. found through experimental research that the P-ERG response of strabismus eyes decreased, and believed that the visual function damage caused by strabismus involved the retina and optic center at the same time. (2) Visual evoked potential (VEP): The retina generates nerve excitement after being stimulated by light or a specific pattern, which is conducted to the optic center through the visual pathway. Using modern microelectrode technology and computer technology, these potential activities can be recorded to obtain vision. Evoked potentials (VEP), Wagner test P-VEP (graphic VEP) of normal children and amblyopic children found that the VEP latency of amblyopic eyes is prolonged, the amplitude is less than that of healthy eyes, and the amplitude does not increase significantly when the eyes are stimulated. P-VEP is used to measure amblyopia Visual evoked potentials in children with non-amblyopic eyes can be found in the contralateral eye with amblyopia and the cured amblyopic eye. Although the vision is completely normal, the VEP is still abnormal, which is characterized by a significantly prolonged P100 wave latency. 10. The basic principle of positron emission tomography (PET) PET is to use tracers (such as 18F, 75Br) to label metabolic substrates (such as glucose; amino acids), based on the absorption of radioactive substances by brain neurons after being stimulated and excited. Vividly reflecting brain activity, positrons are the antiparticles of negative electrons. They are emitted from the nucleus and annihilated after meeting the negative electrons, emitting photons and performing three-dimensional quantitative analysis.